北京2025年4月3日 /美通社/ -- SELECT試驗(yàn)的最新二次分析結(jié)果顯示,與安慰劑相比,司美格魯肽2.4mg(諾和盈®)在超重或肥胖且已確診心血管疾病但無(wú)糖尿病的患者中,可顯著降低總體心血管事件負(fù)擔(dān)。1這些數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果在第74屆美國(guó)心臟病學(xué)會(huì)科學(xué)年會(huì)暨博覽會(huì)(ACC 2025,3月29日至31日在伊利諾伊州芝加哥市舉行)上公布。這些結(jié)果為SELECT心血管結(jié)局試驗(yàn)的現(xiàn)有證據(jù)提供了補(bǔ)充,并進(jìn)一步提供了在首次發(fā)生心血管事件后使用司美格魯肽2.4mg獲益的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。1
這些研究結(jié)果具有重要意義。大多數(shù)心血管結(jié)局試驗(yàn)的主要分析通常僅評(píng)估首次心血管事件,而肥胖癥患者是心血管疾病高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)群體,可能會(huì)在一定時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)歷多次心血管事件。因此,僅分析首次心血管事件無(wú)法完全反映肥胖癥對(duì)健康的長(zhǎng)期負(fù)擔(dān)及患者面臨的損傷或過早死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。1,5
在SELECT試驗(yàn)的此項(xiàng)預(yù)設(shè)二次分析中,與安慰劑相比,司美格魯肽2.4mg可使主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的首次發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低20%(HR: 0.80; 95% CI 0.73–0.87; P<0.001),并使總體(首次及后續(xù))心血管事件發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低22%(MR: 0.78; 95% CI 0.70–0.86; P<0.001)。[*]1此外,與安慰劑相比,司美格魯肽2.4mg可使總體心臟病發(fā)作風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低31%(MR 0.69; 95% CI 0.58–0.82; P<0.001),總體冠狀動(dòng)脈血管重建風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低26%(MR: 0.74; 95% CI 0.65–0.84; P<0.001),共同推動(dòng)了總體心血管事件風(fēng)險(xiǎn)下降。1
此項(xiàng)分析共納入17,604名受試者,平均隨訪時(shí)間39.8個(gè)月,共計(jì)發(fā)生3,031例心血管事件,其中,1,947例(64%)為首次事件,1,084例(36%)為后續(xù)事件。1在首次心血管事件中,冠狀動(dòng)脈血管重建的比例為27.2%,心臟病發(fā)作的比例26.2%;而在后續(xù)心血管事件中,冠狀動(dòng)脈血管重建的比例為72.9%,心臟病發(fā)作為10.3%。1
總體而言,SELECT研究的最新次要分析結(jié)果表明,在超重或肥胖且已確診心血管疾病但無(wú)糖尿病的患者中,司美格魯肽2.4mg顯著降低了首次、后續(xù)及總體心血管事件風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。1這進(jìn)一步印證了司美格魯肽2.4mg在已證實(shí)的健康獲益外,還具有降低心血管風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的潛力。4,6-16
關(guān)于肥胖癥與心血管疾病
肥胖癥是一種慢性疾病,可直接導(dǎo)致心血管發(fā)病率、死亡率及住院風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加,17,18肥胖相關(guān)的死亡有三分之二與心血管疾病相關(guān)。2,3肥胖還與高血壓、慢性腎病和炎癥等多種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素有關(guān)。19對(duì)于已患有心血管疾病的超重或肥胖患者而言,及時(shí)的干預(yù)至關(guān)重要,以降低包括心臟病發(fā)作和卒中在內(nèi)的MACE的殘余風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。5盡管治療手段不斷進(jìn)步,但針對(duì)肥胖相關(guān)疾病的有效治療方案仍存在巨大的未被滿足的需求。20
關(guān)于SELECT研究
SELECT是一項(xiàng)國(guó)際性隨機(jī)、雙盲、平行分組、安慰劑對(duì)照試驗(yàn),旨在評(píng)估司美格魯肽2.4mg和安慰劑結(jié)合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)治療在超重或肥胖且已確診心血管疾病但無(wú)糖尿病病史的人群中預(yù)防MACE的有效性。9被納入試驗(yàn)的人群年齡≥45歲、BMI≥27 kg/m2,最長(zhǎng)隨訪時(shí)間達(dá)到5年。9
SELECT試驗(yàn)的主要目標(biāo)是證實(shí)與安慰劑相比,司美格魯肽2.4mg在降低3點(diǎn)MACE(包括心血管死亡、非致死性心臟病發(fā)作(心肌梗死)或非致死性卒中)發(fā)生率方面的優(yōu)效性。4關(guān)鍵的次要目標(biāo)是比較司美格魯肽2.4mg相較于安慰劑在死亡率、心力衰竭、心血管風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素(包括糖代謝、體重和腎功能)方面的療效4。
SELECT研究于2018年啟動(dòng),共招募了17,604名成人受試者,在41個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的800多個(gè)研究中心開展了研究。
SELECT研究的主要研究結(jié)果已于2023年11月在美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)科學(xué)年會(huì)上公布,并發(fā)表于《新英格蘭醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》(NEJM)。4迄今為止,SELECT研究已衍生出多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)集和次要分析,相關(guān)研究結(jié)果已在多個(gè)心血管、腎臟及代謝疾病相關(guān)的科學(xué)大會(huì)上發(fā)布,相關(guān)成果也已發(fā)表于眾多權(quán)威醫(yī)學(xué)期刊4,10-16。
參考文獻(xiàn)
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9. Lingvay I, Brown-Frandsen K, Colhoun HM, et al. Semaglutide for cardiovascular event reduction in people with overweight or obesity: SELECT study baseline characteristics. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2023; 31:111-122. |
10. Deanfield JE, Verma S, Scirica BM, et al. Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with obesity and prevalent heart failure: a prespecified analysis of the SELECT trial. Lancet. 2024;404(10458). |
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[*]研究所定義的"擴(kuò)大的MACE綜合結(jié)局"包括心血管死亡、心臟病發(fā)作、卒中、冠狀動(dòng)脈血管重建或因不穩(wěn)定型心絞痛住院。 |